Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most diagnosed cancers in the United States, but it carries a hopeful truth: it is highly preventable and often treatable when caught early. Many people avoid thinking about it until it’s too late, but understanding how to protect yourself is one of the most powerful moves you can make for your long-term health. Here is what you need to know to take control.

The Power of Screening

In the world of cancer prevention, screening is the “gold standard.” Unlike many other cancers, colorectal cancer usually begins as small growths called polyps. If a doctor finds these polyps during a screening—like a colonoscopy—they can often remove them before they ever turn into cancer. Current U.S. guidelines recommend that individuals at average risk begin regular colorectal cancer screenings at age 45. If you have a family history of the disease, your doctor may suggest starting even earlier.

Listen to Your Body

While early-stage cancer often has no symptoms, you should never ignore persistent changes in your digestive health. If you experience any of the following, schedule an appointment with your primary care physician:

Changes in bowel habits: Diarrhea, constipation, or narrowing of the stool that lasts for more than a few days.

Rectal bleeding: Bright red blood or very dark, tarry stools.

Persistent abdominal discomfort: Frequent gas pains, bloating, or cramps.

Unexplained fatigue: A feeling of constant tiredness or weakness that doesn’t go away.

Unexplained weight loss: Losing weight without trying.

Simple Steps for Prevention

You have more control than you might think. A healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce your risk:

Eat fiber-rich foods: Prioritize fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Stay active: Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight.

Limit processed meats: Reduce your intake of red and processed meats.

Avoid tobacco and limit alcohol.